Fri May 06 2022

71 articles - From Saturday Apr 30 2022 to Friday May 06 2022

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Guidelines

Guidelines, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…


Meta-analysis

meta-analyses and systematic reviews


Original articles

RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…

Ann Intern Med

Affirmative Action Bans and Enrollment of Students From Underrepresented Racial and Ethnic Groups in U.S. Public Medical Schools.

State affirmative action bans were associated with significant reductions in the percentage of students in U.S. public medical schools from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups. Primary funding source None.

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Association Between SARS-CoV-2 Messenger RNA Vaccines and Lower Infection Rates in Kidney Transplant Recipients : A Registry-Based Report.

Vaccination of KTRs is associated with lower risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Primary funding source The Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic.

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In adults hospitalized with COVID-19, adding remdesivir to standard care did not reduce in-hospital mortality.

Source citation Ali K, Azher T, Baqi M, et al CMAJ. 2022;194:E242-51. 35045989.

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In adults who had not had COVID-19, Novavax vaccine had 90% efficacy at =7 d after the second dose.

Source citation Dunkle LM, Kotloff KL, Gay CL, et al N Engl J Med. 2022;386:531-43. 34910859.

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In adults with overweight or obesity, adding weight-lowering drugs to lifestyle modification improves weight loss.

Source citation Shi Q, Wang Y, Hao Q, et al Lancet. 2022;399:259-69. 34895470.

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In CKD, the Kidney Failure Risk Equation predicted 2-y risk for ESKD better than eGFR alone.

Source citation Bundy JD, Mills KT, Anderson AH, et al Ann Intern Med. 2022;175:305-13. 35007146.

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In high-risk outpatients with COVID-19, remdesivir reduced COVID-19-related hospitalization or all-cause death at 28 d.

Source citation Gottlieb RL, Vaca CE, Paredes R, et al N Engl J Med. 2022;386:305-15. 34937145.

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In older adults having hip fracture surgery, regional vs. general anesthesia did not reduce postoperative delirium.

Source citation Li T, Li J, Yuan L, et al JAMA. 2022;327:50-8. 34928310.

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In older persons at risk for dementia, a multidomain approach reduced stroke and transient ischemic attack.

Source citation Lehtisalo J, Rusanen M, Solomon A, et al Eur Heart J. 2022. [Epub ahead of print.] 35051281.

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In overweight or obesity without diabetes, weekly semaglutide vs. daily liraglutide increased weight loss at 68 wk.

Source citation Rubino DM, Greenway FL, Khalid U, et al JAMA. 2022;327:138-50. 35015037.

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In patients with type 2 diabetes and CKD, finerenone improved CV and kidney outcomes.

Source citation Agarwal R, Filippatos G, Pitt B, et al Eur Heart J. 2022;43:474-84. 35023547.

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Moderna COVID-19 vaccine was linked to myocarditis or myopericarditis at 28 d (4.2 events/100 000 persons).

Source citation Husby A, Hansen JV, Fosbøl E, et al BMJ. 2021;375:e068665. 34916207.

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Lancet

A village doctor-led multifaceted intervention for blood pressure control in rural China: an open, cluster randomised trial.

Interpretation Compared with enhanced usual care, village doctor-led intervention resulted in statistically significant improvements in blood pressure control among rural residents in China. This feasible, effective, and sustainable implementation strategy could be scaled up in rural China and other low-income and middle-income countries for hypertension control. Funding Ministry of Science and Technology of China.

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Algorithm-based care versus usual care for the early recognition and management of complications after pancreatic resection in the Netherlands: an open-label, nationwide, stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial.

Interpretation The algorithm for the early recognition and minimally invasive management of complications after pancreatic resection considerably improved clinical outcomes compared with usual care. This difference included an approximate 50% reduction in mortality at 90 days. Funding The Dutch Cancer Society and UMC Utrecht.

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N Engl J Med

Efficacy and Safety of a Recombinant Plant-Based Adjuvanted Covid-19 Vaccine.

The CoVLP+AS03 vaccine was effective in preventing Covid-19 caused by a spectrum of variants, with efficacy ranging from 69.5% against symptomatic infection to 78.8% against moderate-to-severe disease. (Funded by Medicago; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04636697.).

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Efficacy and Safety of the RBD-Dimer-Based Covid-19 Vaccine ZF2001 in Adults.

In a large cohort of adults, the ZF2001 vaccine was shown to be safe and effective against symptomatic and severe-to-critical Covid-19 for at least 6 months after full vaccination. (Funded by the National Science and Technology Major Project and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04646590.).

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Reviews&Editorials

Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link

Lancet

Effects of early-life poverty on health and human capital in children and adolescents: analyses of national surveys and birth cohort studies in LMICs.

Using data from 95 national surveys in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), we analyse how strongly the health, nutrition, and cognitive development of children and adolescents are related to early-life poverty. Additionally, using data from six large, long-running birth cohorts in LMICs, we show how early-life poverty can have a lasting effect on health and human capital throughout the life course. We emphasise the importance of implementing multisectoral anti-poverty policies and programmes to complement specific health and nutrition interventions delivered at an individual level, particularly at a time when COVID-19 continues to disrupt economic, health, and educational gains achieved in the recent past.

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Health and development from preconception to 20 years of age and human capital.

Linear growth in the first 2 years of life better predicts intelligence quotients in adults than increases in height in older children and adolescents. Learning-adjusted years of schooling range from about 4 years in sub-Saharan Africa to about 11 years in high-income countries. Human capital depends on children and adolescents surviving, thriving, and learning until adulthood.

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Improving health and social systems for all children in LMICs: structural innovations to deliver high-quality services.

Structural reforms are more likely to improve service quality substantially and at scale than are micro-level efforts. Promising approaches include governing for quality (eg, leadership, expert management, and learning systems), redesigning service delivery to maximise outcomes, and empowering families to better care for children and to demand quality care from health and social systems. Additional research is needed on health needs across the life course, health system performance for children and families, and large-scale evaluation of promising health and social programmes.

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Offline: A new revolution for child and adolescent health.

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Offshoring the asylum process: a dangerous move for health.

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What can work and how? An overview of evidence-based interventions and delivery strategies to support health and human development from before conception to 20 years.

This Series paper builds on a large body of work from the past two decades on evidence-based interventions and packages of care for survival, strategies for delivery, and platforms to reach the most vulnerable. We review the current evidence base on the effectiveness of a variety of essential and emerging interventions that can be delivered from before conception until age 20 years to help children and adolescents not only survive into adulthood, but also to grow and develop optimally, support their wellbeing, and help them reach their full developmental potential. Although scaling up evidence-based interventions in children younger than 5 years might have the greatest effect on reducing child mortality rates, we highlight interventions and evidence gaps for school-age children (5-9 years) and the transition from childhood to adolescence (10-19 years), including interventions to support mental health and positive development, and address unintentional injuries, neglected tropical diseases, and non-communicable diseases.

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N Engl J Med

Audio Interview: Do We Need New Covid-19 Vaccines?

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Baricitinib in Alopecia Areata.

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Convalescent Plasma for Covid-19 - Making Sense of the Inconsistencies.

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Does the World Still Need New Covid-19 Vaccines?

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Nonspecific Low Back Pain.

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Letters&Replies

Letters to the editors and authors’ replies

Lancet

Academic health sciences.

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Advancing the greater good: a question of wills.

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Homicides by law enforcement: case definitions matter - Authors' reply.

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Homicides by law enforcement: case definitions matter.

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N Engl J Med

Cardiovascular and Cancer Risk with Tofacitinib in Rheumatoid Arthritis.

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Cardiovascular and Cancer Risk with Tofacitinib in Rheumatoid Arthritis.

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Cardiovascular and Cancer Risk with Tofacitinib in Rheumatoid Arthritis.

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Cardiovascular and Cancer Risk with Tofacitinib in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Reply.

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Effectiveness of Ad26.COV2.S and BNT162b2 Vaccines against Omicron Variant in South Africa.

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Pembrolizumab in Early Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

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Pembrolizumab in Early Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Reply.

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Trastuzumab Deruxtecan in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

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Trastuzumab Deruxtecan in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

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Trastuzumab Deruxtecan in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Reply.

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Others

all remaining publications eg case reports, images of the month, etc…

Ann Intern Med

Annals On Call - Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Adults.

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Annals Story Slam - A Love Story.

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Annals Story Slam - A Story About Women Empowerment.

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Annals Story Slam - A Two-Year Long Blackjack Game: Decisions During COVID.

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Annals Story Slam - Alice Warren Turned 106 in February.

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Annals Story Slam - Being a Doctor Under Oppression.

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Annals Story Slam - Driving by the Woods.

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Annals Story Slam - Early 2020.

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Annals Story Slam - I Know Them by Name.

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Annals Story Slam - Papa Is on a Ventilator.

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Annals Story Slam - Privileged to Serve.

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Annals Story Slam - The Prayer in the COVID Unit.

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Annals Story Slam - Three-Finger Salute to the COVID-19 Pandemic.

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Lancet

Africa CDC warns COVID-19 vaccine production could cease.

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Algorithm-based management of complications after pancreatic resection.

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Clinical triallists in Ukraine determined to continue.

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Finding hope in two pandemics.

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Karim Manji: architect of progress in Tanzanian newborn health.

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Opportunities in crisis for optimising child health and development.

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Optimising child and adolescent health and development in the post-pandemic world.

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Sri Lankan health system facing lengthy shortages.

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Village doctors managing hypertension in rural China.

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N Engl J Med

A Comprehensive Covid-19 Response - The Need for Economic Evaluation.

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A New Image for Cell Sorting.

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Designing Cures 2.0 - From Corridors to Cornerstones.

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Foreign-Body Aspiration in a Child.

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Looking Back.

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Primary Cutaneous Blastomycosis.

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Real-World Evidence - Where Are We Now?

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Your Money or Your Life - The High Cost of Cancer Drugs under Medicare Part D.

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